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A child with an Articulation Disorder has difficulty making sounds. There is no clarity of the sounds that can be substituted, changed, added or omitted, making it hard to understand the child. The Speech sounds develop gradually with the age of the child. At the age of 6, and all the sounds should be correctly produced.

Language Disorder is the difficulty a child has with the meaning of the words, grammar or proper syntax, or producing longer sentences or phrases. The child uses incomplete sentences, may have difficulty following directions, inability to retell stories, and answering questions. A Language disorder may be either an Expressive Language Disorder or an Expressive Language Disorder.

Phonological Processes Disorders are patterns of sound errors substituting the sound of words. For example, children may say “wa–wa” for “water” or “tat” for “cat.”

A child with an auditory processing disorder (APD) has difficulty in processing or interpreting the information he hears. This disorder is common in children even in those with normal hearing. Some symptoms of APD are:difficulty to hearing, requiring frequent repetitions, difficulty to pay attention to auditory commands, poor reading, and listening skills, short attention span.

Oral Motor Disorder occurs when a child has trouble controlling his lips, jaw, tongue, and cheeks, resulting in problems to speech and feeding. Children presenting this disorder may have problems with different food textures, blowing, chewing, drinking from a cup, and making specific sounds.

Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) is a motor speech disorder. Children with CAS have problems saying sounds, syllables, and words. The child knows what he wants to say, but his brain has difficulty coordinating the muscle movements used for speech. This is not because of muscle weakness or paralysis, but rather voluntary coordination.
Social Pragmatic Language DisorderSocial Pragmatic Language Disorder is diagnosed in a child when he presents difficulty with the use of social language and communication skills following the normal social rules of communication verbal or nonverbal, changing language according to the needs of the listener, following the rules for storytelling or conversations.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication skills. Autism typically appears during the first three years of life.  Children and adults with autism typically have difficulties in verbal and non-verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities. Children diagnosed with Autism often appear to have restricted number of interests; repetitive speech, motor movements, routines; little or no eye contact; laughing, crying; hypersensitive or hypersensitive.